Tense is the one of the most main building blocks of English language grammar. It tells us when an action happens, in the past, present, or future, and how that action relates to time [whether it is finished, ongoing, repeated, or connected to another point in time. learn tenses help learners speak and write with accuracy and confidence.]

In English language, there are three main time frames, Present, Past, Future, and each of these has four aspects [ Simple, Continuous (Progressive), Perfect, and Perfect Continuous. Together, these give us twelve main tenses.]

1) Present Tenses

a- Simple Present

1. The sun rises in the east.
2. She works at a hospital.
3. Water boils at a hundred degrees Celsius.

b- Present Continuous

1. I am writing an email.
2. They are studying for their exam.
3. He is currently traveling in Spain.

c- Present Perfect

1. I have finished my homework.
2. She has visited Paris three times.
3. We have already eaten lunch.

d- Present Perfect Continuous

1. He has been working here for five years.
2. They have been playing football since morning.
3. I have been waiting for you for an hour.

2) Past Tenses

a- Simple Past

1. She visited her grandmother last weekend.
2. They watched a movie yesterday.
3. I finished my project on Monday.

b- Past Continuous

1. I was reading a newspaper when the phone rang.
2. She was cooking dinner at 7 p.m.
3. They were playing outside when it started raining.

c- Past Perfect

1. By the time I arrived, the teacher had already started.
2. She had finished her work before her friends came.
3. He had left the office when I called.

d- Past Perfect Continuous

1. They had been traveling for six hours before they reached the hotel.
2. He had been studying all night before the exam.
3. I had been waiting for an hour when the bus finally came.

3) Future Tenses

a- Simple Future

1. I will call you tomorrow.
2. She will travel to Japan next month.
3. It will rain later today.

b- Future Continuous

1. This time tomorrow, I will be flying to New York.
2. She will be attending a meeting at 10 a.m.
3. They will be working when you arrive.

c_ Future Perfect

1. By next year, I will have graduated from university.
2. She will have finished the report by Friday.
3. They will have completed the project by the deadline.

d- Future Perfect Continuous

1. By December, I will have been working here for ten years.
2. She will have been studying English for two years by next month.
3. They will have been traveling for a full day by the time they land.

Why are Tenses topic

1. 'We eat breakfast.' [a habit]
2. 'We are eating breakfast.' [happening now]
3. 'We have eaten breakfast.' [completed/ relevant now]
4. 'We had eaten breakfast before We left.' [completed before another past action]

1. 'We eat breakfast.' [a habit]
2. 'We are eating breakfast.' [happening now]
3. 'We have eaten breakfast.' [completed/ relevant now]
4. 'We had eaten breakfast before I left' [completed before another past action]